A photographer plans photographic sequences. The selection and assembly of equipment is determined by reviewing the subject, anticipating conditions and applying knowledge of various cameras, lenses, films and accessories. To create commercial quality photographs, photographers need both technical expertise and creativity.

Typically, photographers use either a traditional camera or a newer digital camera that electronically records images. A traditional camera records images on silver halide film that is developed into prints. Some photographers send their film to laboratories for processing. Color film requires expensive equipment and exacting conditions for correct processing and printing. Other photographers, especially those who use black and white film or require special effects, prefer to develop and print their own photographs. Photographers who do their own film developing must have the technical skill to operate a fully equipped darkroom or the appropriate computer software to process prints digitally.

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Professional photographers specialize in areas such as portrait, commercial, scientific, news, or fine arts photography.

Portrait photographers take pictures of individuals or groups of people and often work in their own studios. Some specialize in weddings or school photographs and may work on location.

Commercial and industrial photographers take pictures of various subjects, such as buildings, models, merchandise, and landscapes. These photographs are used in a variety of media, such as books, reports, advertisements, and catalogues. Industrial photographers often take pictures of equipment, machinery, products, workers, and company officials. The pictures then are used for analyzing engineering projects, publicity, or as records of equipment development or deployment. This photography frequently is done on location.

Scientific photographers photograph a variety of subjects to illustrate or record scientific or medical data or phenomena, using knowledge of scientific procedures. They typically possess additional knowledge in areas such as engineering, medicine, biology, or chemistry.

News photographers, also called photojournalists, photograph newsworthy people; places; and sporting, political, and community events for newspapers, journals, magazines, or television.

Fine arts photographers sell their photographs as fine artwork. In addition to technical proficiency, fine arts photographers need artistic talent and creativity.

Selecting the right photographer for you will require that you know what you will be using your photos for.